We translate from and into the following foreign languages:

Amharic is an Ethiosemitic language, a subgroup of the Semitic languages, which is spoken by the Amhara people and as the main lingua franca of Ethiopia in all of the country’s cities. Around 20 million people also speak Amharic as a second language. It is written with Ethiopic script, which comes from Old South Arabian script.

Amharic is the official language of the central government of Ethiopia and is also spoken in Eritrea and Djibouti.
Ethiopian immigrants and immigrant workers living in Djibouti also often speak Amharic. Since the Solomonic Dynasty in the 13th century, it has been the „language of the King.“ It spread over time into many parts of the country.

Native speakers are used for our translations.

Arabic is the most widespread language of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family. It is estimated to be spoken by 320 million people as a mother tongue and a further 90 million as a second or foreign language. Arabic became a universal language due to its role as a sacred language. The Modern Standard Arabic language is based on the classical Arabic of the Koran and poetry, and has developed into different dialects. Standard Arabic is the written and umbrella language, which is very different from the spoken varieties of Arabic.
Since individual Arabic dialects in various countries differ considerably in pronunciation, they are difficult or impossible to understand across these geographical distances. Thus, movies filmed in one country in its particular language variant are partially subtitled in Modern Standard Arabic when they are shown in certain other countries.
One problem with Modern Standard Arabic is that it has no uniform vocabulary for many terms in today’s world, such as a lack of specialised vocabulary for many areas of science, and it is rarely used in individual Arab countries as a means of oral communication.
Arabic is written from right to left with the Arabic alphabet, which only represents consonants and long vowels. Although there are the short vowels A, I, and U, all these characters are written only in the Koran.

We use native speakers of your desired variety of Arabic for your translation after consulting with you.

Belorussian (or Belarusian, formerly also White Russian or White Ruthenian) is an East Slavic language which is spoken by almost 8 million people as their mother tongue; the majority of them live in Belarus (also known as White Russia), where it is one of the two official languages. In the 14th century, the written language was developed based on Ruthenian, which was the official language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Over the years, it incorporated Ukrainian and Polish elements. In the Soviet Union, it could freely develop until the late 1920s, before Belarusian came under strong pressure from Russian. A brief revival of the Belarusian written language was seen from 1990 onwards, when it was declared as the official language of Belarus. During the years 1994-95, this ended again when Russian became the second official language. Currently, there are two competing systems, the Taraškievica, which is preferred by migrants and active Belarusian speakers, and the Soviet Narkomauka, which is still the official standard today.
The written language is only used by a small portion of intellectuals in the cities, while the majority of the urban population speaks a hybrid of White Russian and Russian, which is pejoratively called „cattle fodder.“ Dialects of the Belorussian language are common in the countryside. Belarusian is now written in Cyrillic. Typically, it is mandatory to use the diaeresis over ë and the letter ў, which appears exclusively in that language. The writing of the Belarusian language in Latin script is based on Polish orthography, but it also uses special characters such as š and č.

We use Belarusian native speakers who know a great deal about the subject as translators and proofreaders for your translation.

The Bulgarian language belongs to the Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages and is spoken by about 10 million people. It is one of the oldest documented Slavic languages and is written with a Cyrillic alphabet consisting of 30 letters. It has nine different verb tenses: present, future, future perfect, imperfect, aorist, perfect, pluperfect, and two mixed forms of the past and future tenses (future in the past and the very unusual tense of future perfect in the past).

We use native translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Catalan (Català) is a Romance language that descends from common Latin, also known as vulgar Latin or spoken Latin. About 8 million people speak it as their mother tongue, while another 3 million are able to speak it. It is spoken in Spain, Andorra, Italy and France. In some parts of Spain (in parts of the region of Valencia, in Catalonia, and in the Balearic Islands), in Andorra, and in the city of Alghero in Italy, it is an official language.
There are different dialects of Catalan that differ slightly from standard “català”, for example ”valencià”, in the area around Valencia, “mallorquí”, on the island of Majorca, “formenterer” on Formentera , “menorquí” on Minorca and “eivissenc” on Ibiza.

For your translation we use translators who have both Catalan and Spanish as their mother tongue and who know very well the differences.

Differences between Catalan and Spanish (Castilian)

Catalan is closer to the Occitan language of southern France than to Spanish. It is noteworthy that Catalan has many fewer words of Arabic origin than is the case with Spanish. Most Spanish words beginning with al come from the Arabic (alfombra = carpet; alcalde = mayor). This is because the Moorish domination of many parts of the Iberian Peninsula lasted more than 700 years, and the Arabic definite article is ‘al’. In the following table you will find a brief Catalan word list.

A brief word list which shows the differences between Spanish and Catalan:

The Chinese languages constitute one of the main branches of the Sino-Tibetan language family. They are spoken by about 1.3 billion people, living mainly in the People’s Republic of China and Taiwan.
There are large Chinese-speaking minorities in many other countries. The most widely spoken Chinese language is Mandarin. Usually, the term Chinese language denotes Standard Chinese, which is called Putonghua in the People’s Republic of China and Guóyǔ in Taiwan; both of these are based on Mandarin.
Besides Mandarin, there are seven other Chinese languages, divided into many individual dialects. Standard Chinese, spoken by the majority, is mainly used for communication between dialect boundaries. Other dialects, such as Cantonese, also serve at the regional level as a means of communication. Chinese script is also used to a limited extent as a comprehensive means of communication.
Despite differences in pronunciation, the morphemes in all dialects are often written with the same characters.

We work with translators who speak the desired Chinese language as their mother tongue for your translation – and the same also applies for the proofreaders.

Croatian is classified as a South Slavic branch of the Slavic languages and is based, as is Serbian and Bosnian, on the Shtokavian dialect. Since it is very similar to Bosnian, Montenegrin, and Serbian, speakers of these languages can understand each other easily. For this reason, many sociolinguists and Slavists believe that the languages may be regarded as variants of a common language, referred to as Serbo-Croatian.
Croatian  is estimated to be spoken by about 7 million people. It is the official language of Croatia, one of the three official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and a minority language in Serbia. In 1991, after Croatia gained its independence, Croatian was recognised as an independent language in the country. The term Serbo-Croatian is officially known in Croatia as a relic of the imposed linguistic unification efforts.

We use native translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Czech belongs to the West Slavic branch of the Indo-European family and is spoken by about 12 million people as their mother tongue, with 10 million of them living in the Czech Republic, where it is the official language.
In dictionaries and reference books, the letters Č, Ch, Ř, Š, and Ž are counted as separate and standalone letters (e.g., Ch follows H ). The Czech alphabet has 31 letters instead of the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet.
Czech and Slovak are mutually intelligible. In writing, one can most easily distinguish the languages from each other by the letters ř, ě, and ů, which exist in Czech but not in Slovak, and the letters ä, ľ, ŕ, ĺ, and ô, which are available only in Slovak.
Czechs and Slovaks understand each other quite easily because of the similarity of both languages and their common history. The younger generation that was linguistically socialised after the separation of the two countries has recognised that it is a little more difficult. Official documents today are still automatically recognised on a mutual basis in the respective language between the Czech Republic and Slovakia. TV reports are broadcast untranslated in both countries.

We use native translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Danish belongs to the North Germanic language family and is spoken by about 5 million native speakers in Denmark. It is also spoken in Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and South Schleswig by a small Danish minority of about 50,000 people. It is also spoken in some areas of the Atlantic. It is the official language in Denmark and the second official language in Greenland and the Faroe Islands, and belongs to the Scandinavian language family, along with Norwegian and Swedish. Notable is the use of the special letters Æ, æ, Ø, ø, Å, and å, which sound something like the German letters Ä, ä, Ö, ö, Aa, and aa.

Danish speakers are used for translation and proofreading.

Dutch is another Germanic language. It is quite similar to Low German since it has the same origin. About 28 million people speak it, while the relatively unknown Afrikaans language of South Africa also has its roots in Dutch, which is an official language in Aruba, the Netherlands, Sint Maarten, Suriname and Belgium. At the global level, however, it is spoken relatively seldom.

For translation or proofreading we use native Dutch speakers.

English originated in the British islands. It too is a Germanic language. It became a world language through the colonisation of America, Australia, Africa and India. English is offered and taught in most schools worldwide as the first foreign language. Today, it is the indispensable number one language in the world and is needed by every company that wants to profit from globalisation. There are about 340 million people who speak English as their mother tongue, but, more surprisingly almost one billion people speak it as a secondary language. In every export or import company of any size, English is a must. However, it is important to be aware that there exist two major variants of English that have to be taken into consideration when translating or interpreting: British (UK) English and American (US) English.

For our translations we use specialists who are very familiar with the differences and who can deliver whichever is requested.

Here you can see some of the differences between UK and US English:

Estonian belongs to the Balto-Finnic group of the Finno-Ugric languages and is closely related to Finnish. There is also a distant relationship between Estonian and Hungarian. Estonian is the official language in Estonia and is spoken by about 1.1 million people, of whom 950,000 live in Estonia. It has taken many loanwords from High and Low German due to the influence of the Teutonic Order on the Baltic States. Also noteworthy are some of the letters in Estonian (š, ž, õ). The language policy of the country has been marked by the different occupations of the last century. The government is eager to spread knowledge of the Estonian language among the mostly Russian-born stateless residents.

We use native Estonian translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Farsi, or Persian, is a pluricentric language spoken in Southwest and Central Asia that belongs to the Indo-European family, and is an official language in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan.
It is the most important Indo-European language in Western and Central Asia and is spoken by about 65 million people as a first language and by about 50 million as a second language. There are about 41 million native speakers in Iran, around 15 million in Afghanistan, and another 15 million in Central Asia, mainly in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.
It is called Fārsī in Iran and Darī in Pakistan and Afghanistan. The variants of Persian are Tati, spoken in Azerbaijan and Dagestan (Russia), and Tajik, used in Tajikistan.
In the Middle Ages, Persian became the most important literary and scholarly language of the eastern Islamic world. It had a strong influence on neighbouring languages, including Urdu in India. Many English words have their roots in Persian, such as bazaar, check, caravan, pistachio, and paradise.
Persian literature is among the most influential and famous in the world. Persian has been written in Arabic script since the Islamisation of Persia.

We use native translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Finnish (Suomi) is part of the Baltic-Finnish branch of the Finno-Ugric languages. It is distantly related to Hungarian and closely related to Estonian. It is an official language in Finland, where there are about 4.7 million native speakers, and in Sweden, where it is spoken by about 300,000 people and is recognised as an official minority language. There are still smaller Finnish-speaking minorities in Estonia, in the northern Norwegian region of Finnmark, and in the Russian part of Karelia.
As a Finno-Ugric language, Finnish is quite different from the Indo-European languages.
The emergence of a unified Finnish language, along with the Finnish written language, began in 1524 by the order of King Gustav Vasa, who proclaimed the word of God in the language of the people. However, Finnish remained very rudimentary for centuries, and only gradually developed starting from the mid-19th century into a full-fledged cultural language. It is noteworthy, among other things, that there are 15 cases in Finnish.

Finnish speakers are used for translation and proofreading.

The regional form of Dutch called Flemish is spoken in the northern part of Belgium and in northern France. The name Flemish is used as a general term for the dialects that are spoken in Flanders. However, Flemish is not an official language in Belgium. The official languages in Belgium are Dutch, French and German. In some ways, Belgian Dutch differs quite a lot from Dutch in the Netherlands. For the Flemish people, the differences are very important. This is expressed in both pronunciation and vocabulary as well as in the syntax of everyday speech. Even in the language of the authorities there are differences. The Belgian legal and administrative system was created at a time when the French language dominated the country, and therefore a number of expressions can be traced back to French. There are an estimated 6 million people who speak Flemish, but many Flemish people also speak French as a secondary language. Below you’ll find a brief listing of English/Flemish/Dutch words.

Your translation is handled by two specialists who are very familiar with the differences. One translates, the other proofreads.

French is related to Italian, Spanish, Romanian and Portuguese. French is also one of the major international languages. There are about 115 million people who speak it as their mother tongue, and in all some 200 million people, distributed all over the world, have mastered this language. French is an official language in Canada, Belgium, Switzerland, and Haiti, as well as in France, Haiti and some other Caribbean Islands, and in many countries in western and central Africa. French is also spoken in Luxembourg, Monaco, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, the Seychelles and many other countries. In Germany, French is often offered as a second foreign language.

We make sure that your translation will be done either by me and/or by a native French speaker, translated and proofread in order to double-check.

The basic assumption is that the Galician language developed from Vulgar Latin, i.e. Colloquial Latin as opposed to Classical Latin. It forms part of the Western Ibero-Romance language family. It is spoken by almost 3 million people, mainly in Galicia in northwestern Spain. During the Middle Ages, it formed, together with Portuguese, a single language unit that split off with the separation of Portugal in the 12th century. From that point on, it developed gradually into an independent language. Castilian influence increased more and more so that between the 16th and 18th centuries the written form of the language, which formerly had enjoyed great literary prestige, disappeared. For written communication, Castilian was then used almost exclusively. Towards the end of the 18th century, Galician experienced something of a rebirth (rexurdimento, i.e. renaissance) as a written language, chiefly in literature. This was hampered by the lack of norms in spelling and syntax, amongst other things. During the Franco dictatorship, its official use as a written language was forbidden. After the dictator’s death, the language was again promoted, and since then it has been made co-official with Castilian in Galicia. Currently it is being officially further developed as an independent language by the Royal Galician Academy. In addition, however, there is also a movement, led by the “Associaçom Galega da Lingua” and other bodies, that seeks to promote reintegration of Galician into Portuguese. Galician differs in many respects not only from Castilian but also from Portuguese, even though it has many similarities with both these languages.

For our translations we use specialists who have Galician as mother tongue. One translates, the other proofreads.

There are about 120 million people who speak German as their mother tongue. In addition, there are about 185 million more that have learned German as a secondary language. The history of the German language goes back a long way. It belongs to the 10 world languages and, like English, it has Germanic roots and belongs to the Indo-European language family. According to the latest scientific findings, it came from the Germanic proto-language via sound shift in the first century BC. Today, German is spoken in Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany, Luxembourg. It is spoken in parts of France, Belgium, and Italy. Small population groups speak it in many other countries. Germany is active worldwide in many fields and sets very high quality standards.

Native speakers are used for our translations.

The Hungarian language belongs to the Finno-Ugric branch of the Uralic language family and is therefore related to Finnish, but the vocabulary bears little resemblance. It is widespread in the south of Central Europe and is spoken as an official language by about 14 to 15 million people in Hungary. The Magyars, who occupied Hungary in the 9th century, brought their language to the country . As a result of historical developments, many Hungarians now live in neighbouring countries, especially since the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire  after World War I. In addition, many Hungarian-speaking people live in North and South America and in Australia. Two special features of the language are the digraphs (cs, dz, gy, ly, ny, sz, ty, and zs) and the trigraph (dzs), which count as separate letters. Terms such as goulash and palacsinta come from Hungarian.

We use native translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Indonesian is the Malay language, Bahasa Melayu, which is called Bahasa Indonesia in Indonesia and Bahasa Malaysia in Malaysia. Even though little known in Europe, the Malay language, which is spoken by more than 200 million speakers, is one of the world’s most spoken languages. The two language versions, Bahasa Indonesia and Bahasa Malaysia, differ only slightly from each other. The differences came mainly during the colonial period, although in the last century the differences between them also increased through local words, e.g. Javanese words that found their way into the Indonesian language. Indonesian is spoken as an official language in Singapore, in the Netherlands, in Saudi-Arabia, in the United States, and also in East Timor, where it is spoken as a working language. In the 19th century the Latin alphabet was introduced, and in 1972 a unified Latin writing system was created in Indonesia as well as in Malaysia. Up until then, Arabic writing was still used in Malaysia. Bahasa Melayu is part of the western group of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian languages. It received much influence from India, and later from Arabic. Starting in the 14th century, Arabic writing was used. The language has no conjugation or declination and no articles. Nouns can be either singular or plural and the plural is often marked by doubling them, by a number or by other words from whose context the plural can be recognised. Doubling sometimes changes the meaning of the word. For example “gula” sugar, “gula-gula” or “gula²” sweet or candy.

For your translation and proof-reading we use Indonesian native speakers.

About 13% of the European population speak Italian, and about 92.5% of the inhabitants of Italy, some 56 million people, speak it. Another 60 to 70 million people of Italian descent have to be added as well. These are found mostly in the USA and South America. Italian belongs to the Romance branch of the Indo-European languages. It is an official language of the Vatican City, San Marino, Switzerland and Italy. In Switzerland there are an estimated 520, 000 native speakers. It is still spoken in some African countries as well as in Malta and parts of France. The Italian language has influenced various terminologies, such as those of music, design, technology, cuisine, and banking.

For your translations into Italian we use colleagues whose mother tongue is Italian.

Latvian belongs to the Baltic language group of the Indo-European language family and is similar to Lithuanian. It became the state language only after the establishment of the Latvian state in 1918. Due to the policy of Russification during the Soviet period, Latvian almost became the minority language in Latvia, where the proportion of the Latvian-speaking population decreased to 51%. After 1991, drastic measures were taken to reverse this trend, at least partially. In 2006, Latvian was again spoken by about 65% of Latvia’s inhabitants as their mother tongue. Noteworthy are some of the letters in the Latvian alphabet, such as ģ, ķ, ļ, ņ, š, ž, which are hardly found in other languages. When Latvia joined the EU and extensive legal texts had to be translated, a number of gaps became apparent in the Latvian vocabulary. The government translation bureau is studying and developing new words.

We use native Latvian translators and proofreaders for your translations.

Lithuanian is a Baltic language in the Indo-European language family and is very similar to the „prototype“ of this language family. It is an official language spoken by almost 3.2 million people in Lithuania.
There are Lithuanian-speaking minorities in northwestern Belarus and in northeastern Poland, where large groups of Lithuanians live, and in different countries like Ireland, which together have about 120,000 Lithuanians . Until 1945, Lithuanian was spoken in the northern part of East Prussia. The written form of Lithuanian arose in the 16th century. The standardisation of Lithuanian took place mainly during Lithuanian independence between the two World Wars  (1918-1941).

We use native Lithuanian translators and proofreaders for your translations.

The Norwegian language has two standard variants, Bokmål and Nynorsk, and belongs to the North Germanic branch of the Indo-European languages. It is spoken by about five million people as a mother tongue in Norway, where it is an official language. Norwegian has been standardised over time into four variants, of which only two are now officially recognised (Riksmål and Høgnorsk have no official status today). Bokmål, written by about 85 to 90 percent of Norwegians, was originally a variant of Danish, which was the Danish written language in Norway for centuries, but it has since been Norwegianised. Nynorsk is a synthesis of Norwegian dialects and is written by about 10 to 15 percent of Norwegians. It is the older of the official variants of Norwegian, both of which are written languages, but different dialects are mostly spoken. Norwegians and Swedes can incidentally converse quite easily in Svorsk, a hybrid language consisting of the two colloquial languages.

Our native translators and proofreaders understand the differences between the two variants of Norwegian and will use the desired version.

Polish is a West Slavic language belonging to the Indo-European language family and is closely related to Slovak, Czech , Serbian, and Kashubian. It is an official language spoken by about 46 million people  in Poland. Polish uses the Latin alphabet, to which nine special letters (Ą, Ć, Ę, Ł, Ń, Ó, Ś, Ź, and Ż) have been added. In the 16th century, Polish reached a level that made it one of the major languages of Central Europe, due to its richness and suppleness. In some neighbouring countries  that once belonged to Poland, the language is spoken by minorities. Due to different waves of emigration, it is also spoken in many other countries around the world.

We use native translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Portuguese

The Portuguese language is part of the Romance branch of the Indo-European languages and it is also an international language. Nearly 240 million people worldwide speak Portuguese, and 20 to 30 million more speak it as a secondary language. Portuguese is the official language of Cape Verde, Brazil, Mozambique, Portugal, East Timor, Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Principe, Macao, and also in Goa (India). The language expanded in the 15thand 16th centuries through colonisation. The capital of Portugal is Lisbon. The population of Portugal has now reached 10.6 million.

Brazilian Portuguese

Brazil has around 190 million inhabitants. In the Americas, Brazil is the only Portuguese-speaking country. Brazilian Portuguese has its own character. It differs from European Portuguese both in pronunciation as well as in its slightly different orthography and grammar. For at least 97% of the population, Brazilian Portuguese is the mother tongue, and it is the only official language. In Mozambique and Angola, Portuguese is more orientated towards the European norm, while Brazilian Portuguese differs to some degree in all linguistic aspects from that of Portugal. In the last few decades, the differences between the two types of Portuguese have increased. Especially in Brazil, the language is in a state of emancipation from the original Portuguese. This has to be taken into consideration when translating.

We assign a native speaker of the respective variant for your translation and proofreading.

Romanian originated from the Romance branch of the Indo-European languages. Romanian is the official language in Romania and Moldova. Generally, it is spoken as a first language by about 30 million people worldwide, and as an official majority language in Romania and Moldova. Romanian comes from Latin. Although the Cyrillic alphabet was used at first , it was replaced in 1860 by an extended Latin alphabet which has five special characters: ă, â, î, ș, and ț.

We use native translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Russian, formerly known as Great Russian, is a language of the Slavic branch of the Indo-European family. It has about 280 million speakers, of which approximately 160 million people are native speakers. It is the most widespread language in Europe, is used as the lingua franca in the post-Soviet space, and is an official language in several Member States. It is closely related to Ukrainian and Belarusian, and is written with the Cyrillic alphabet.
Russian is spoken by about 130 million people in Russia as a mother tongue, and by 26.4 million people in the CIS countries and the Baltic States. In addition, about 7.4 million native speakers live in countries with high immigration from the former Soviet Union: about 3 million in Germany, around 700,000 in the US, and about 1 million in Israel.

We use Russian native speakers as translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Serbian comes from the South Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages and is based, as is Bosnian and Croatian, on the Shtokavian dialect.
It is spoken by about 8 million people as their native language, of which about 6.7 million live in Serbia, where it is the official language. Serbian is also spoken by about 2 million people in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, Macedonia, and Croatia. Both the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets are used. Since 2006, it has officially been written in Cyrillic in Serbia, but the Latin alphabet is also often used in the media and in everyday life.
Both in terms of vocabulary and pronunciation (as well as according to grammatical criteria), Serbian is so similar to Croatian and Bosnian that Serbian-speaking people can easily communicate with Bosnian and Croatian speakers.
The Serbian language today exists for the most part in two pronunciation variants: Ekavian, spoken in the majority of Serbia, and Jekavian, spoken in Western and Eastern Serbia and in Bosnia, Montenegro, Croatia, and Herzegovina.
Serbian is the official language in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro.

We use native translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Serbo-Croatian, or Croato-Serbian, is a South Slavic language. From 1954 to 1992, it was one of the official languages, alongside Macedonian and Slovenian, in the former Yugoslavia. It is a pluricentric language. The term Serbo-Croatian was first introduced in 1824, and was then used as an umbrella language for the dialects of the Serbs, Croats, Montenegrins, and Bosnians from 1921 until about 1993.
After the collapse of Yugoslavia, the languages developed apart from each other in the successor states, and this was specially emphasised by the use of the separate names Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, and Montenegrin. Linguistically, the status of the Serbo-Croatian variants might not be considered independent languages. It is a slightly different matter to implement a macro-language which is, in fact, the same linguistic system. The term Serbo-Croatian is rarely used today, especially in Croatia and Serbia. The variants of Serbo-Croatian differ not only because of the difference between Ekavian and Ijekavian pronunciations and due to the use of the two alphabets, but mainly  because of the vocabulary.

For your translation, we use native translators and proofreaders who are familiar with the peculiarities of this language.

Slovak belongs to the West Slavic branch of the Indo-European family. It is spoken by about five million people in Slovakia and around two million immigrants, of which about one million live in North America. Slovak is sometimes called the „Esperanto of Slavic languages.“ It is considered by speakers of other Slavic languages as the most comprehensible Slavic language.
Czech and Slovak are mutually intelligible.
In writing, one can most easily distinguish the languages from each other with the letters ř, ě, and ů, which exist in Czech but not in Slovak, and the letters ä, ľ, ŕ, ĺ, and ô, which are available only in Slovak.
Czechs and Slovaks understand each other quite easily because of the similarity of both languages and their common history. The younger generation that was linguistically socialised after the separation of the two countries has recognised that it is a little more difficult. Official documents today are still automatically recognised on a mutual basis in the respective language between the Czech Republic and Slovakia. TV reports are broadcast untranslated in both countries.

We use native translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Slovenian is a language in the Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages, which originated in the Duchy of Carantania and an area to the south called Carniola. It is written with the Slovenian alphabet, a variant of the Latin alphabet. It resembles the Kajkavian dialect of the Croatian language in many ways. The orthography of the letters č, š, and ž was determined mainly in the mid-19th century. With the establishment of Yugoslavia in 1045, Slovenian became an  official language for the first time. It has been the only official language in Slovenia since 1991, after it gained independence. As a specific feature, the dual exists alongside the singular and plural for nouns and verbs.

We use native translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Spanish too is an international language and is part of the Romance branch of Indo-European languages. It is estimated that about 320 to 400 million people speak Spanish as their mother tongue. About 100 to 200 million speak it as their secondary language. Because of immigration, there are now about 30 million people in the USA who are able to speak Spanish, representing about 10 % of the American population. Spanish is the official language of 22 countries, mostly located in Central and South America. Countries such as Mexico, Argentina, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Honduras, Colombia, Nicaragua, Panama, Uruguay, Ecuador, and Peru have Spanish as their official language. Even in 5 US States it has an official status and in the Philippines and in Morocco it is a recognised minority language. In Spanish there are also 2 major variants, Castilian or European Spanish, and Latin American Spanish, the latter with slight variations from country to country.

For your translation, we use a Spanish or South American mother tongue speaker, depending on the desired variant.

Swedish is part of the Old Norse branch of the Germanic languages, a sub-family of the Indo-European languages. It is closely related to Norwegian and Danish, and has its roots in Old Norse. Swedish also contains many influences from the Middle Low German spoken in the cities of the Hanseatic League. In modern times, influences of High German have been added. About 8.5 million people speak Swedish as their mother tongue, of which about 8 million live in Sweden and about 290,000 in Finland. It is an official language in both countries. Swedes and Norwegians can talk quite easily in Svorsk, a mixed language consisting of the two colloquial languages.

Swedish speakers are used for translation and proofreading.

Tigrinya, or Tigrigna, is a Semitic language spoken in Eritrea and Ethiopia. It arose, along with the old Ethiopian language, from an earlier preform.
The term „Tigrinya“ originates from Amharic and is used in Eritrea as a name for the Tigrinya-speaking population, which is one of the nine ethnic groups of Eritrea. Tigrinya speakers living in Ethiopia are called Tigray.
Since 1952, Tigrinya was the official language of the Empire of Abyssinia in Eritrea. The final written form of Tigrinya arose only at the beginning of the Second World War based on old Ethiopian script, although there are already known Tigrinya manuscripts from the early 19th century.

We use translators who are native speakers for your translation.

Ukrainian, formerly known as Small Russian or Ruthenian, originated from the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages. Ukrainian is the official language of Ukraine, and is spoken by 32 million people there as their mother tongue. It is written with the Cyrillic alphabet. A peculiarity of Ukrainian adjectives is the forms that indicate an emotional attitude toward persons and objects; these may be caressing, diminutive, augmentative, or pejorative. Ukrainian distinguishes between seven cases: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, locative, and vocative. The colloquial language has been and still is subject to strong Russian influences today. If a comparison is made with the colloquial language of the large Ukrainian diaspora in Canada, we can see that it contains significantly fewer Russian terms. Due to the historical development of the country, the language today is a highly political issue for many Ukrainians.

We use Ukrainian native speakers as translators and proofreaders for your translation.

Acholi (North Uganda + South Sudan) Afrikaans (South Africa), Akan ( South Ghana + Ivory Coast) Alur (Uganda + Democratic Republic Congo), Amharic (Ethiopia), Arabic (North Africa and Middle East), Bemba/ Chi Bemba (Zambia) Chichewa/Chewa/Nyanja (Zambia, Malawi), Dinka (South Sudan), Ewe (Ghana + Togo), Fante/Fanti (Ghana) Fulani (West Africa), Ga/Gain (Ghana) Hausa (Nigeria + Niger), Igbo (Nigeria), Kamba/Ki Kamba (Kenya), Kalenjin (Kenya), Kikuyu (Kenya) Kinyarwanda (Rwanda, Democratic Republic Congo + Uganda), Ki tuba (Republic Congo + Democratic Republic Congo), Kipsigis (Kenya), Kirundi/Rundi (Burundi) Kisii/Ekegusii (Kenya), Krio/Creole (Sierra Leone), Lingala (Republic Congo + Democratic Republic Congo), Luganda (Uganda), Lugere (Uganda), Lugisu (Uganda), Luhya (Kenya), Luo (Kenya + Uganda), Lusoga (Uganda), Maasai (Kenya + Tanzania), Mandinka/Mandingo (West Africa), Malagasy (Madagascar), Ndebele (Zimbabwe + South Africa), Nyoro/Runyoro (Uganda), Oromo (Ethiopia + Kenia), Pidgin (Nigeria), (Botswana + South Africa), Sesotho (East + South Africa), Setswana (Botswana + South Africa), Shona (Zimbabwe + Mozambique) , Siswati (South Africa + Swaziland), Somali (Somalia + Kenia + Ethiopia + Djibouti), Swahili (Lingua franca of East Africa), Tigrinya (Ethiopia + Eritrea), Tooro/Rutooro (Uganda), Tshiluba (Democratic Republic Congo), Tsonga (Zimbabwe + South Africa), Tswana (Southern Africa), Twi (Ghana), Veda/Venda (South Africa + Zimbabwe), Wolof (Senegal + Gambia + Mauretania), Xhosa (South Africa), Yoruba (Nigeria + Benin + Togo), Zulu (South Africa)

Afghan (Dari / Pashtun), Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijan / Azeri, (Iran + Azerbaijan), Bahasa Indonesian (Indonesia), Burmese, Bengal (Bangladesh + India), Cambodian (Khmer), Cantonese (Chinese), Chinese (Mandarin / Cantonese), Dari (Afghanistan), Farsi (Iranian / Persian), Filipino (Tagalog), Hebrew (Israel), Hindi (India), Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia), Iranian (Persian / Farsi), Japanese, Jawi (Malaysia), Kazakh, Korean, Kurdish (Turkey, Syria, Iraq + Iran), Malay (Bahasa), Mandarin (Chinese), Nepalese, Pashtun (Afghanistan + Pakistan), Persian (Iranian / Farsi), Russian, Singhalese (Sri Lanka), Tagalog (the Philippines), Thai, Turkish, Vietnamese, Urdu (India + Pakistan), Uzbek

English (USA), French (Quebec) Portuguese (Brazil), Spanish (Central + South America)

Afghan (Dari / Pashtun), Arabic, Dari (Afghanistan), Farsi (Iranian / Persian), Hebrew (Israel), Hindi, (India), Iranian (Persian /Farsi), Kurdish, Pashtun (Afghanistan + Pakistan), Persian (Iranian / Farsi), Urdu (India) Turkish

Byelorussian, Croatian (Serbo-Croatian), Czech, Estonian, Hungarian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Serbo-Croatian (Croatia), Slovak, Slovene, Ukrainian

Danish, Finnish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish

Basque (Spain + France), Catalan (Spain), Galician (Spain), Greek, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese

Dutch (Holland), English (Great-Britain), Flemish (Belgium), French, Gaelic (Ireland), German, Luxembourgian